ISO, Aperture and Shutter Speed

ISO
The ISO measures the sensitivity of the camera, the higher it is the higher the sensitivity of the camera. If the ISO is too high it can make the image grainy, as it makes the light particles in the image larger.

Aperture
The aperture is the hole in the lense, it gets bigger and smaller to let light in.The f stop level represents how wide the hole is. The higher the number, then the smaller the whole is as the light is restricted.

Shutter Speed
The higher the shutter speed the darker the photo/film is. Shutter speed is measured from 30 - 4000.

Lighting

Lighting:

3 point lighting is used in films and tv. The 3 lights use are called a backlight , a fill and a key. The Key light is the main light source, to the side of the subject, for the focus of the shot. The Fill light is placed on the other side of the Key Light and is used to reduce the shadows on the subject produced by the Key Light. The backlight is behind the subject of the shot, this is used to seperate the subject and the background.

High Key & Low Key Lighting:

High Key Lighting is where the lights are placed on top of the set, this gives the scene consistant lighting. This would maily be used in sitcoms and or anything with little drama. Low Key Lighting is where the lights are placed below the subject, this will show more shadows and creates drama in the scene. this would be used in crime films and dramas.

Other Lighting:

Sometimes when the lighting on a set can leave shadows on objects that arn't wanted or theres a certain part of the set that needs more light, to solve this problem a reflector can be used. A reflector is a shiny piece of material which is placed at a certain angle to the lights to bonce the light back to cover the unwanted shadows and dark parts. Light filters are used to change the mood the light gives off. For instance you could use an orange filter to make the scene look warming and happier.

Lighting for Green Screens:

To light a green screen properly the screen needs to be as smooth as possible so there are no wrinkles in it. The light over the green screen needs to be soft and even across the whole surface, also there can't be any shadows from the subject infront. This is to make sure that when it comes to editing there are no shadows left on the background.

Target Audiences

1) Audiences are classified by their postcode, for example if a person where to live in the country side they won't be the main target audience of a film that is based in a big city. Another way audiences are classified would be by their age, an example of this would be any children's film as they are aimed at children and therefore adults aren't expected to be interested in it. Also, gender is a way that audiences are classified, for instance action movies such as transformers. The cast used in films like this are mainly male, therefore they would expect a male target audience. Sexual orientation can also be used to classify an audience.

The target audience for the film Interstellar, would be aged between around 16 and 50, this is because the film is quite futuristic which people over the age of 50 might not be interested in. The films is aimed at a both male and female audience. this is because the have a very strong male and female cast. the location of the people this film is aimed at could be anywhere as the film is not set in a specific place.

2)The language used in the film is formal, everyone in the film is very well spoken which shows that the film is set in the future. The genre of the film is Sci-Fi, this means that the film is quite serious. The beginning of the film is quite light and which is reflected by the colours used, this changes around a quarter of the way through the film when it gets a lot darker which they have also shown using colours.

3) The film we mad was a horror it was aimed at ages 15 - 40, this is because it is a horror film so 15 is the age were it all actually will be enjoyable and most people over the age of 40 aren't interested in horrors. The film is also aimed at both genders as a variety of characters were used. The soundtrack in the film is fast pace and dark, which makes it feel scary.

FCP Test

How to Edit on Final Cut:

First Assembly: The first sequence of shots put together roughly

Cutting: This is where, after you've put together your first assembely, you go back through it and cut out any unwanted parts of each shot.
Transitions: After you've done the cutting you can add transitions which are what you us inbertween each shot. For example you can use a cross fade, which gradulay fades one shot into the next.
Effects: Once you've added transitions you can add effects to your video. This is where you can add different colours, effects and motions into the shots.

First Project